Masu hana dumamar yanayi suna nufin masu hana dumamar yanayi masu yawan porosity, ƙarancin yawan girma, da ƙarancin ikon sarrafa zafi, wanda kuma aka sani da masu hana zafi masu sauƙi. Ya haɗa da samfuran masu hana zafi, zaruruwan masu hana zafi, da samfuran zaruruwan masu hana zafi. Dangane da zafin amfani: kayan hana dumamar yanayi masu ƙarancin zafi, zafin amfani yana ƙasa da 900 ℃, kamar tubalin hana dumamar yanayi na diatomite, samfuran silica da aka faɗaɗa, allon silica na silica, samfuran perlite da aka faɗaɗa, da sauransu; masu hana dumamar yanayi na matsakaicin zafin jiki, amfani da zafin jiki na 900 ~1200℃, kamar tubalin hana dumamar yanayi na yumbu, zaren hana dumamar yanayi na silicate na aluminum, da sauransu; kayan hana dumama mai zafi mai zafi, zafin amfani ya fi 1200℃, kamar tubalin hana dumama mai zafi na aluminum, tubalin hana dumama mai zafi na alumina, tubalin hana dumama mai siliceous, tubalin kwallon da aka yi da alumina, tubalin kwallon da aka yi da zirconia, zare mai hana zafi na alumina, zare mai hana zafi na polycrystalline (zaren alumina polycrystalline, zaren zirconia polycrystalline, zaren mullite polycrystalline), da sauransu.
Samar da kayayyakin da ke hana zafi shiga jiki galibi yana amfani da hanyoyin aiwatarwa waɗanda za su iya samar da tsari mai ramuka, kamar hanyar kayan masarufi masu sauƙi, hanyar ƙonewa, hanyar kumfa, da kuma hanyar sinadarai. Zaruruwan da ba su da tsari iri ɗaya, kamar zaruruwan da ba su da tsari irin na aluminum silicate, zaruruwan da ba su da tsari irin na alumina, da sauransu, yawanci ana samar da su ta hanyar narkewa. Zaruruwan da ba su da tsari irin na polycrystalline, kamar zaruruwan mullite, zaruruwan alumina, da sauransu, ana samar da su ta hanyar colloid.
Babban halayen masu hana ruwa rufewa sune babban porosity, gabaɗaya sama da 45%; ƙarancin yawan abu, gabaɗaya ba ya wuce 1.5g/cm3; ƙarancin wutar lantarki mai jure zafi, galibi ƙasa da 1.0W/(m·K). Ana amfani da shi azaman mai hana zafi na tanderun masana'antu, ba wai kawai zai iya rage asarar zafi na tanderun ba, har ma yana iya rage ajiyar zafi na tanderun, yana samun mafi kyawun tasirin adana kuzari, da rage nauyin kayan aikin zafi. Idan aka kwatanta da tubalan da ke hana ruwa rufewa gabaɗaya, masu hana ruwa rufewa masu hana zafi ba su da juriyar tsatsa ta slag, ƙarfin injina, da juriyar lalacewa. Saboda haka, bai dace da tsarin ɗaukar nauyi na tanderun da sassan da ke hulɗa kai tsaye da slag, caji, ƙarfe mai narkewa, da sauransu ba.
Rarrabuwa Hanyar na kariya daga rufin kariya kayayyakin
Kayayyakin da ke hana dumamar yanayi suna nufin samfuran da ke hana zafi da porosity ba kasa da kashi 45% ba. Babban halayen kayayyakin da ke hana zafi da kuma ƙarancin yawan su. Ƙarfin zafi yana da ƙasa, ƙarfin zafi yana da ƙanƙanta, kuma aikin hana zafi yana da kyau. Yana kiyaye zafi kuma yana jure zafi. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman Layer na hana zafi ga kayan aikin zafi daban-daban, kuma wasu kuma ana iya amfani da su azaman Layer na aiki. Kayan adana kuzari ne don gina murhu daban-daban. Sauya samfuran da ke hana zafi da kuma kayayyakin da ke hana zafi da yawa a matsayin kayan ginin tanderu na iya rage asarar ajiya da kuma zubar zafi da kashi 40% zuwa 50%, musamman ga kayan aikin zafi da ba sa tsayawa.
Akwai nau'ikan kayayyakin rufi da na hana ruwa shiga, waɗanda galibi aka raba su zuwa rukuni uku bisa ga zafin amfani, yawan kayan da ake amfani da su, da kuma siffar samfurin.
(1) An rarraba su bisa ga yawan jiki. Waɗanda ke da yawan yawa na 0.4~1.3g/cm3 tubalan ne masu sauƙi; waɗanda ke da yawan yawa na ƙasa da 0.4g/cm3 tubalan ne masu sauƙi sosai.
(2) An rarraba ta hanyar zafin aiki. Yi amfani da zafin jiki 600~900℃ don kayan rufi mai ƙarancin zafi; 900~120℃ don kayan rufi mai matsakaicin zafi; sama da 1200℃ don kayan rufi mai yawan zafi.
(3) An rarraba ta hanyar siffar samfurin: ɗaya siffa ce ta tubali mai sauƙi mai jurewa, gami da yumbu, babban alumina, silicon, da wasu tubali masu laushi na oxide; ɗayan kuma tubali ne mai sauƙi mai jurewa mara siffa, Kamar siminti mai sauƙi mai jurewa.
Hanyar samar da kayayyakin da ke hana zafi shiga ya bambanta da na kayan da aka yi amfani da su wajen yin amfani da su. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa, wadanda suka hada da hanyar konawa, hanyar kumfa, hanyar sinadarai, da kuma hanyar amfani da su wajen yin amfani da su wajen yin amfani da su wajen yin amfani da su.
1) Hanyar ƙonawa da ƙara kayan aiki. Ana kuma kiranta hanyar ƙara abubuwan ƙonewa. A saka abubuwan ƙonewa masu sauƙin ƙonewa, kamar gawayi, sawdust, da sauransu, a cikin laka da ake yin tubali don sa samfurin ya sami wasu ramuka bayan an harba shi.
2) Hanyar jiƙawa. A ƙara sinadaran kumfa, kamar sabulun rosin, da sauransu a cikin yumbu don yin tubali, sannan a yi shi da kumfa ta hanyar injiniya. Bayan an kunna wuta, ana samun wani abu mai ramuka.
3) Hanyar sinadarai. Ta amfani da sinadaran da za su iya samar da iskar gas yadda ya kamata, ana samun wani abu mai ramuka a cikin tsarin yin tubali, yawanci dolomite ko periclase da gypsum, da kuma sulfuric acid a matsayin sinadarin kumfa.
4) Hanyar abu mai ramuka. Yi amfani da ƙasa mai siffar diatomaceous ko clinker na yumbu na wucin gadi, alumina ko zirconia mai ramuka, da sauran kayan da ba su da ramuka don yin tubali masu sauƙi.
Amfani da kayayyakin hana ruɓewa masu ƙarancin zafi da ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi kamar kayan tsarin jikin murhu na iya adana amfani da mai; inganta ingancin samar da kayan aiki; yana kuma iya rage nauyin jikin murhu, sauƙaƙa tsarin murhu, inganta ingancin samfura, da rage zafin yanayi. Inganta yanayin aiki. Ana amfani da kayayyakin hana ruɓewa galibi azaman Layer na hana zafi, rufi ko Layer na murhu.
1. Bulo mai hana ruwa shiga alumina
Bulo mai hana zafi na Alumina yana amfani da corundum mai haɗe, alumina mai sintered, da alumina na masana'antu a matsayin manyan kayan aiki don yin samfuran hana zafi masu hana zafi waɗanda ke da juriyar acid da alkali mai ƙarfi da juriyar rage zafi, da kuma juriyar girgiza mai kyau ta zafi. Ana iya amfani da shi na dogon lokaci ƙasa da 1700℃. Tsarin samarwa yana amfani da nau'ikan hanyar kumfa guda biyu da hanyar ƙara ƙona wuta. Kayayyakin da hanyar kumfa ke samarwa suna da halaye na tsari iri ɗaya, ƙarancin watsa wutar lantarki, da kuma kyakkyawan aikin hana zafi.
Bulo mai hana zafi na alumina suna da sauƙi, suna da ƙarfin matsi mai yawa, ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi, raguwar ƙarar girma bayan sake ƙonewa, da kuma kyakkyawan juriya ga girgizar zafi. Ana iya amfani da su don yadudduka na kayan aikin zafi mai zafi ko tanderu waɗanda ke hulɗa kai tsaye da harshen wuta. Da kuma layin aiki na kayan aikin zafi masu daidaito, amma bai dace da wurin tsatsa wanda ke hulɗa kai tsaye da ruwan tanda da narkakken tarkace ba. Hakanan yana da kwanciyar hankali mafi girma idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin yanayi mai rage zafi. Zafin amfani ya dogara da tsarkin samfurin, gabaɗaya har zuwa 1650 ~ 1800°C. Duba Tebur 3-105 don ma'aunin zahiri da sinadarai na irin waɗannan samfuran.
2. Bulo mai ƙarfi mai hana zafi mai amfani da aluminum
Bulo mai hana zafi mai yawan aluminum kayayyakin hana zafi ne masu hana zafi waɗanda ke ɗauke da sinadarin da bai gaza kashi 48% ba da aka yi daga babban kayan da aka yi amfani da su. Bulo mai hana zafi mai yawan aluminum galibi ana yin su ne da bauxite a matsayin kayan da aka yi amfani da su, tare da yumbu a matsayin kayan da aka yi amfani da su, an haɗa su da manne da sawdust. Don inganta aikin samfura, ana ƙara alumina, corundum, sillimanite, kyanite, da silica na masana'antu. Ana iya yin foda mai kyau zuwa samfuran da ke da yawan yawa daban-daban da kuma yanayin zafi daban-daban na amfani. Yawanci, zafin amfani shine 1250 ~ 1350℃, kuma wasu na iya kaiwa 1550℃.
Ana samar da tubalin rufin aluminum mai yawan aluminum ta hanyar amfani da hanyar kumfa, kuma yawan samfurin yana tsakanin 0.4 ~ 1.0g/cm3, kuma ana iya ƙera shi ta hanyar amfani da ƙarin abubuwan ƙonawa. An nuna ma'aunin zahiri da sinadarai na tubalin da ke hana zafi mai yawan aluminum a cikin Jadawali na 3-106.
Ana iya amfani da tubalan da ke hana zafi mai ƙarfi na aluminum don gina layukan da ke hana zafi da sassan da ba su lalace ba kuma suka goge su da kayan da ke narkewa masu ƙarfi. Lokacin da aka yi hulɗa kai tsaye da harshen wuta, zafin da ke kan saman tubalan da ke hana zafi mai ƙarfi na aluminum ba zai wuce 1350℃ ba. Tubalan da ke hana zafi na Mullite na iya tuntuɓar harshen wuta kai tsaye, kuma suna da halaye na juriya mai zafi, ƙarfi mai yawa, da tasirin adana kuzari mai mahimmanci. Ya dace da rufin tanderun pyrolysis, tanderun iska mai zafi, murhun nadi na yumbu, murhun aljihun tebur na lantarki, da tanderun juriya daban-daban. Tubalan da ke hana zafi mai ƙarfi na corundum-mullite tare da abun ciki na Al2O3 na 82.4% za a iya amfani da su azaman rufin tanderu a 1550°C.
3. Bulo mai hana ruwa shiga da yumbu
Bulo mai hana zafi mai hana zafi wanda aka yi da yumbu, samfuran hana zafi ne masu hana zafi, waɗanda ke ɗauke da kashi 30%-48% na Al2O3 da aka yi da yumbu mai hana zafi a matsayin babban kayan da aka yi amfani da su, suna amfani da yumbu mai hana ruwa, beads masu iyo, da clinker na yumbu mai hana ruwa a matsayin kayan da aka yi amfani da su, suna ƙara abubuwa masu ɗaurewa da sawdust. Tare da haɗawa, haɗawa, samarwa, bushewa, da harbawa, ana iya samun samfuran da ke da yawan 0.3 ~ 1.5g/cm3, kuma yawan samarwa ya kai fiye da rabin tubalan mai hana zafi.
Tsarin samar da tubalan da ke hana zafi na yumbu da ake amfani da su akai-akai shine hanyar ƙara ƙonawa tare da ƙwallo mai iyo, kuma ana iya amfani da hanyar kumfa. Duba Tebur 3-107 don alamun zahiri na tubalan da ke hana zafi na yumbu da aka yi da yumbu.
Bulo mai hana zafi mai rufi da yumbu yana da aikace-aikace iri-iri. Ana amfani da su galibi a cikin kayan aikin zafi da murhun masana'antu. Ana iya amfani da su don sassan da ba su lalace ba kuma an wanke su da kayan narke masu ƙarfi masu zafi. Wasu saman da ke hulɗa kai tsaye da harshen wuta an shafa su da wani Layer. Rufin da ba ya aiki zai iya rage zaizayar ƙasa ta hanyar ƙurar gas da tanderu kuma ya rage lalacewa. Zafin aiki na samfurin bai wuce zafin gwajin layin dawowa ba. Bulo mai rufi da yumbu yana cikin wani nau'in kayan rufi mai haske tare da ramuka da yawa. Wannan kayan yana da porosity na 30% zuwa 50%, kuma rufin zafi ba shi da kyau, amma ƙarfin injina da juriyar tsatsa suna da kyau.
4. Bulo mai hana ruwa shiga na silicone
An yi bulo mai hana zafi na siliceous da siliceous da siliceous, kuma samfurin mai hana zafi wanda ke da ƙarancin sinadarin SiO2 ƙasa da 91%. Baya ga halayen hana zafi, bulo mai hana zafi na silicon yana kiyaye halayen tubalin silicon sosai. Zafin farko na laushin kaya yana da yawa, kuma ƙarar yana ƙaruwa kaɗan yayin aikin dumama, wanda ke ƙara ingancin murhun.
Aikin tubalin da ke hana zafi na siliceous na GGR-1.20 don murhunan masana'antu da aka ƙayyade a cikin Ma'aunin Masana'antar ƙarfe na China YB386-1994, yawan yawa bai wuce 1.2g/cm3 ba, ƙarfin matsi a zafin ɗaki bai ƙasa da 5MPa ba, kuma zafin farawa na laushi a ƙarƙashin kaya ƙasa da 0.1MPa bai ƙasa da 1520℃ ba, yawan SiO2 bai ƙasa da 91%.
Wannan samfurin ya dace da rufin murhun masana'antu ko yadudduka masu hana zafi waɗanda ba sa hulɗa kai tsaye da kayan narke masu zafi mai yawa kuma ba sa fuskantar iskar gas mai lalata kai tsaye. Zafin aiki na ginin dutse bai wuce 1550°C ba.
Bulo mai hana zafi mai hana zafi wanda aka yi da silica ya fi illa ga jikin ɗan adam saboda ƙurar silica, kuma tsarin ya fi rikitarwa fiye da yumbu da tubalan da ke hana zafi mai yawan aluminum, kuma yana ɗauke da ƙaramin kaso na jimlar kayan hana zafi mai hana zafi.
5. Bulo mai hana ruwa shiga Diatomite
Bulo mai rufi na thermal na Diatomite samfurin kariya ne daga zafi wanda aka yi da diatomite a matsayin babban kayan da aka yi amfani da shi. Bulo mai rufi na thermal na Diatomite yana da ramuka masu kyau, manyan ramuka, kyakkyawan aikin kariya na thermal, amma ƙarancin ƙarfin injiniya, musamman bayan danshi, ƙarfin yana raguwa sosai. Babban sinadaran sa shine SiO2, sai Al2O3, da kuma ƙarfe da potassium., Sodium, calcium, magnesium oxides da sauran ƙazanta.
An nuna ma'aunin zahiri na tubalin rufin diatomite a cikin Jadawali na 3-108. Kayayyakin tubalin rufin diatomite ba su da juriyar zafi sosai, kuma ƙarfinsa yana kusan 1280 ℃ ne kawai, don haka zafin amfani ba shi da yawa. Ana iya amfani da shi ne kawai a cikin Layer na rufin ƙasa da 900°C.
6. Kayayyakin perlite da aka faɗaɗa
Kayayyakin perlite da aka faɗaɗa sune samfuran da ke hana zafi shiga jiki wanda aka yi da perlite a matsayin babban sashi. Kayayyakin rufi da aka yi da perlite da aka faɗaɗa a matsayin tarawa da siminti mai dacewa, gilashin ruwa, phosphate, da sauransu, bayan an juya, a gauraya, a samar, a busar, a gasa ko a tace. Yawan perlite da aka faɗaɗa ƙanana ne, yawanci 40 ~ 120g/cm3 ne kawai; ƙarfinsa ba shi da yawa, gabaɗaya 1280 ~ 1360°C. Matsakaicin zafin amfani da samfuran tare da manne daban-daban ya bambanta, yawanci ƙasa da 1000°C.
An rarraba kayayyakin perlite da aka faɗaɗa zuwa nau'ikan 200, 250, 300 da 350kg/m34 daidai da yawan kayayyakin da aka yi amfani da su a ƙa'idar ƙasa. Dangane da nau'in siminti da aka yi amfani da shi, an raba shi zuwa samfuran perlite da aka faɗaɗa da siminti, samfuran perlite da aka faɗaɗa da gilashin ruwa, samfuran perlite da aka faɗaɗa da phosphate, da samfuran perlite da aka faɗaɗa da asfalt.
7. Kayayyakin vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa
Kayayyakin vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa sune samfuran da ke hana zafi shiga tare da vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa a matsayin babban kayan albarkatun ƙasa. Samar da samfuran vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa ya dogara ne akan wani girman vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa a matsayin tarin abubuwa, ƙara kayan haɗin da masu ɗaurewa, haɗawa da ruwa a wani rabo, da kuma samarwa, busarwa, gasawa ko wargazawa don samar da samfuran hana zafi. Kayayyakin da ke da yawan yawa, kayan haɗin, da masu ɗaurewa suna da yanayin zafi daban-daban na amfani, kuma ana amfani da yadudduka masu hana zafi ƙasa da 1000°C. Akwai nau'ikan samfuran vermiculite da aka faɗaɗa da yawa, waɗanda galibi ana rarraba su bisa ga nau'in kayan haɗin da aka yi amfani da su da nau'in kayan haɗin da aka yi amfani da su. Dangane da wakilin ɗaurewa, ana iya raba shi zuwa samfuran wakilin ɗaurewa na halitta, samfuran wakilin ɗaurewa na inorganic da samfuran wakilin ɗaurewa na inorganic. Dangane da nau'in kayan haɗin da aka yi amfani da su, ana iya raba shi zuwa samfuran haɗinwa ɗaya, kayan haɗinwa da yawa da samfuran haɗinwa.
Faɗaɗɗen vermiculite yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na zafi, ƙarancin ƙarfi, kuma ba zai iya hana ruwa shiga ba, don haka amfaninsa yana da iyaka sosai. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kayan siminti mai ƙarfi don haɗa vermiculite mai faɗaɗa zuwa samfurin da aka gama, zai sami ƙarfi fiye da vermiculite mai faɗaɗa kuma zai iya jure babban nauyi; lokacin amfani da kayan siminti mai hana ruwa shiga don haɗa vermiculite mai faɗaɗa tare. Samfurin da aka samar yana da aikin hana ruwa shiga kuma ana iya amfani da shi a inda akwai ruwa. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na mai ɗaure yawanci ya fi na vermiculite mai faɗaɗa, don haka ƙara mai ɗaure yana sa dutsen kawa ya sami sabbin amfani, Amma kuma yana rage tasirin rufin zafi na vermiculite mai faɗaɗa.
8. Allon silikon calcium
An yi allon silicate na calcium da ƙasa mai diatomaceous da lemun tsami a matsayin manyan kayan masarufi, kuma samfuran da ke hana zafi da aka yi ta hanyar ƙara zare mai ƙarfafawa ana kiransu allon silicate na calcium da allon silicate na microporous. An raba allon silicate na calcium zuwa rukuni biyu bisa ga abun da ke ciki: ɗaya allon silicate na calcium na yau da kullun, sinadarin sinadarai na CaO/SiO2 yana da kusan 0.8, sinadarin ma'adinai shine tobermorite (tobermorite, 5CaO·6SiO2·5H2O); ɗayan kuma shine silicate mai tauri na Calcium, sinadarin sinadarai na CaO/SiO2 yana da kusan 1.0, kuma sinadarin ma'adinai shine silicate mai tauri na calcium.
Calcium silicate yana da kyawawan halaye kamar ƙaramin ƙarfi, rabuwa mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi, ginawa mai sauƙi, da ƙarancin asara. Yawancin adadin allon silicate na calcium an ƙayyade shi a duniya a matsayin wanda bai wuce 220kg/m3 ba, kuma wasu an raba su zuwa nau'ikan 33 waɗanda ba su wuce 220kg/m3 ba, waɗanda ba su wuce 170kg/m3 ba, kuma ba su wuce 130kg/m3 ba; An rarraba China a matsayin wanda bai wuce 240kg /cm3 ba, waɗanda ba su wuce 220kg/cm3 ba, waɗanda ba su wuce 170kg/cm3 ba, waɗanda ba su wuce 170kg/cm3 ba. Ƙarfin matsi yana sama da 0.4MPa, ƙarfin lanƙwasa yana sama da 0.2MPa; ƙarfin zafin zafi (70℃±5℃) shine 0.049～0.064W/(m·K) mafi girman zafin aiki, kuma torbe mullite shine 650℃, nau'in silicate na calcium shine 1000℃.
Ana iya yankewa ko ƙusa allon silicate na calcium, kuma ana iya yin shi a matsayin allo, tubalan ko casings. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan rufe zafi don bututun zafi da tanderun masana'antu a cikin wutar lantarki, masana'antar sinadarai, aikin ƙarfe, jiragen ruwa, da sauransu; rufe wuta da zafi na gine-gine, kayan aiki da kayan aiki. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don rufe zafi na bututun busarwa mai zafi da dandamalin motar rami; ana iya liƙa ɓangarorin biyu na allon silicate na calcium da filastik, plywood, allon siminti na asbestos, da sauransu. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan rufe zafi. Yawancin kayan injiniyan rufe zafi a duniya suna amfani da allon silicate na calcium, kuma wasu ƙasashe suna amfani da allon silicate na calcium don rufe zafi a cikin masana'antar sun kai kashi 70 zuwa 80%.
9. Bulo Mai Shawagi (Bulo Mai Cenosphere)
Tubalan Cenosphere samfuran da ke hana zafi su yi kama da na cenosphere a matsayin babban kayan da aka yi amfani da su. A farkon shekarun 1970, ƙasata ta fara amfani da cenospheres na tokar tashi don samar da tubalan da ke hana zafi su yi kama da na yumbu. Saboda sauƙin tsari da wadatar albarkatu, ingancin samfurin yana da kyau. Tun daga shekarun 1980, ana amfani da hanyar clinker mai ramuka ko ƙara cenospheres na tokar tashi don samar da tubalan Cenosphere.
Bulogin Cenosphere wani yanki ne mai ramuka na gilashin silicate na aluminum da aka yi daga tokar tashi daga tashoshin wutar lantarki na zafi. Yana da nauyi mai sauƙi, bango mai siriri, saman da ba shi da zurfi, santsi mai laushi, ƙarancin ƙarfin zafi, kyakkyawan aikin kariya, ƙarfin juriya mai yawa, da sauran ƙarfi mai yawa. Ta amfani da waɗannan halaye na cenospheres, ana iya ƙera kayan hana zafi masu hana zafi waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan aikin kiyaye zafi. Ana iya samar da tubalin cenosphere ta hanyar hanyar rabin-bushe, wacce ke da tsari mai sauƙi kuma ba ta buƙatar tsarin kammalawa.
Bulogin Cenosphere sun fi kayan kariya na zafi na tsakiya-baki a yanzu dangane da ƙarfin injina, juriya ga zafin jiki mai yawa, ƙarfin watsa zafi, da aikin amfani, kuma suna kama da zaruruwan silicate. Ana amfani da wannan kayan sosai a cikin murhun masana'antu daban-daban masu zafin jiki a zafin jiki na 1200°C don cimma manufar inganta ingancin zafi da rage amfani da makamashi. Ana amfani da tubalin Cenosphere a cikin murhun masana'antu da kayan aikin zafi mai yawa a cikin masana'antar ƙarfe, injina, sinadarai, mai, kayan gini, masana'antar haske, wutar lantarki da sauran fannoni. Gabaɗaya, suna iya adana makamashi da kashi 15% zuwa 40%. Sabon nau'in raba mai sauƙi ne. Kayan zafi.
10. Bulo mai siffar ƙwallo mai rami
Bulo mai siffar Alumina mai rami
Bulo mai siffar alumina mai siffar alumina samfurin da ke hana zafi shiga, wanda ke da siffar alumina mai siffar alumina a matsayin babban kayan aiki. Alamomin fasaha na yau da kullun na tubalin mai siffar alumina mai siffar alumina sune: Abubuwan da ke cikin Al2O3 ba su gaza kashi 98% ba, Abubuwan da ke cikin SiO2 ba su wuce kashi 0.5% ba, Abubuwan da ke cikin Fe2O3 ba su wuce kashi 0.2% ba, Yawan yawa shine 1.3 ~ 1.4g/cm3, Abubuwan da ke bayyana a fili sune 60% ~ 80%, Ƙarfin matsi bai gaza kashi 9.8MPa ba, yanayin zafi mai laushi na kaya (0.2MPa) bai gaza kashi 1700℃ ba, kuma yanayin zafi shine 0.7~0.8W/(m·K).
Idan aka kwatanta da kayayyakin da ake amfani da su wajen rufe ɗumama da kuma hana ɗumama, tubalin alumina mai rami yana da yawan ramuka a cikin samfurin. Saboda haka, yana da ƙarfi da kuma tsarin ramuka masu ƙarfi, ƙarancin yawa da kuma ƙarancin ikon sarrafa zafi. Ana amfani da shi galibi don yanayin zafi mai yawa ƙasa da 1800℃ na masana'antar murhu, kamar tubalin rufin murhu mai zafi a masana'antar mai hana ɗumama, lantarki, da yumbu; yadudduka masu hana ɗumama don kayan aikin zafi mai zafi, kamar tanderun gas a masana'antar mai, tanderun gas, masu samar da wutar lantarki a masana'antar kwal, tubalin rufi don tanderun induction a masana'antar ƙarfe.
B tubalin ƙwallo mai ramin Zirconia
Bulo mai siffar zobe mai siffar zobe mai siffar zobe samfurin da ke hana zafi shiga, wanda aka yi da zirconia mai siffar zobe a matsayin babban kayan da aka yi amfani da shi. Babban matakin lu'ulu'u na wannan tubalin shine zirconia mai siffar zobe (kimanin kashi 70% zuwa 80% na ma'adinan), kuma aikin da yake yi shine: Ƙarfinsa ya fi 2400℃, girmansa a bayyane yake shine 55% ~ 60%, yawan girmansa shine 2.5 ~ 3.0g/cm3, ƙarfin matsi bai gaza 4.9MPa ba, kuma ƙarfin zafin jiki shine 0.23 ~ 0.35W/(m·K).
Zirconia hollow spires samfuran kariya ne daga zafi tare da kyakkyawan aiki. Matsakaicin zafin amfani mai aminci shine 2200℃. Zirconia hollow spiral spiral structure suna da ƙarfin zafin jiki mai yawa da kuma tsarin ramuka mai ƙarfi, don haka ana iya amfani da su lafiya a babban zafin jiki na 2200℃. Zirconia hollow ball ball suna da ƙarancin yawa da ƙarancin juriyar zafi, wanda ba wai kawai zai iya rage asarar zafi ba, har ma da rage ajiyar zafi. Saboda haka, a matsayin kayan rufin zafi mai yawa wanda ke hulɗa kai tsaye da harshen wuta a cikin kayan aikin zafi kamar ƙarfe, man fetur, masana'antar sinadarai, lantarki, da sauransu, yana iya rage amfani da makamashi da rage nauyin tanderun zafi mai yawa, kuma tasirin amfani yana da kyau.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-26-2021