He nui nā Cenospheres, he nui nā noi

ʻOiai ʻaʻole paha ʻoe i ʻike, he nui nā kumu o ka honua hou e mahalo ai no nā cenospheres.

He kakaikahi ka poʻe i ʻike i ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe i ʻike i ko lākou wahi i hele mai ai. ʻOiai ʻo ka nānā wikiwiki ʻana iā Wikipedia, ke kumu o nā kumu āpau, e hoʻomaopopo i ka poʻe naʻaupō, "ʻO ka cenosphere he sphere māmā, inert, hakahaka i hana nui ʻia me ka silica a me ka alumina a piha i ka ea a i ʻole ke kinoea inert, i hana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he huahana o ka puhi ʻana o ka lanahu ma nā hale hana mana wela. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o nā cenospheres mai ka hina a kokoke i ke keʻokeʻo a ʻo ko lākou density ma kahi o 0.4-0.8 g/cm3 (0.014-0.029 lb/cu in), ka mea e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka buoyancy nui."

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e wehewehe iki i ka nani maoli o kēia mau pōpō lehu lele liʻiliʻi, akā ikaika. No ko lākou ikaika maoli, aia i loko o ka ʻokoʻa o kā lākou hoʻohana. E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka puke pai ʻoihana Farani, ʻo Industrie & Technologies, "Ma muli o ko lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui, ke ʻano poepoe, ka ikaika mechanical, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe, ka inertia kemika, nā waiwai insulating a me ka porosity haʻahaʻa, loaʻa i nā microspheres [i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he cenospheres] kahi ākea o nā noi i ka ʻoihana. Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, [he kūpono lākou] no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā mea a i ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā waiwai o ke kū'ē ʻana i ka corrosion, a i ʻole ka insulation thermal a me ke kani i nā uhi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pena. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia lākou he mau mea hoʻopihapiha multifunctional a hoʻohui maikaʻi i nā resins a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa e like me nā thermoplastics a me thermosetting."

Nā Cenospheres i nā pena a me nā uhi

Nui nā hoʻohana no nā cenospheres i ka ʻoihana pena a me ka uhi ʻoihana, ma muli o nā ʻano hou a lākou e hāʻawi ai. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā cenospheres i nā uhi e kāohi i ka radiation infrared, e hāʻawi ana i kēlā mau uhi i kahi pono ma mua o nā mea e hoʻāʻo wale ana e kaupalena i ka conductivity thermal.

I kēia manawa, ua wehewehe nā loea pena ma Petra Buildcare Products, pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai nā cenospheres, "... i ka maikaʻi o ka pena ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o ka huahana. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma ka paia, e emi ana nā momi keramika a laila e hana ana i kahi ʻili paʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka paia."

Nā Cenospheres i loko o nā Foam Syntactic

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Cenospheres e hana i nā 'syntactic foams'. He mau mea paʻa kūikawā kēia e hoʻohana ana i nā cenospheres ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopihapiha e hāʻawi i kekahi mau pono, mai ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a i ka ikaika i hoʻohui ʻia, ka pale ʻana i ke kani, ka buoyancy a me ka pale wela.

Ua wehewehe nā loea ma Engineered Syntactic Systems i ka huʻa syntactic penei;

"ʻO ka ʻāpana 'syntactic' e pili ana i ke ʻano i kauoha ʻia e nā spheres hakahaka. Pili ka huaʻōlelo 'foam' i ke ʻano cellular o ka mea. Mahalo i kona mau waiwai kūikawā o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka foam syntactic i nā noi buoyancy subsea. Kūpaʻa nā mea syntactic i ka hopena hui pū ʻia o ke kaomi hydrostatic a me ka hōʻike lōʻihi e kūpono ai lākou no nā papahana moana e like me ke kaula a me nā lana hardball a me ke kākoʻo instrumentation. Hāʻawi pū lākou i ka ikaika a me ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana ma kahi kaumaha haʻahaʻa ma kēlā me kēia leo ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā mea kuʻuna e lilo ai lākou i koho hoihoi i nā noi pale a me nā ʻenekinia kīwila."

Nā Cenospheres ma ka ʻeli ʻaila

No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā cenospheres, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e nānā hou aku i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi a lākou e pāʻani ai i ka ʻoihana petroleum. No ka mea, ʻoiai ua ʻike nā mea a pau i ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻaila i ke ao hou, he ʻoiaʻiʻo i ʻike iki ʻia ua loaʻa nā cenospheres, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka puke pai ʻoihana Farani, ʻo Industrie & Technologies, "...ua hoʻohana ʻia no kekahi mau makahiki ma ke kahua o ka ʻeli ʻaila e hōʻemi i ka nui o kahi paʻi sima petroleum me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka wai."

ʻO Cenospheres i loko o nā Plastics a me nā Polymers

Loaʻa i nā Cenospheres kahi hoʻohana i ka hana ʻana i nā plastics a me nā polymers, ʻoiai ʻo ko lākou ʻano a i ʻole ka ikaika hiki ke hana hou ʻia e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka emi ʻana o nā thermoplastics a me nā thermosetting plastics.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei lākou i nā composites hou i ka ʻoihana kaʻa. No ka laʻana, aia ka 2016 Chevrolet Corvette i kahi "hui hoʻoheheʻe pepa kahi e pani ai nā microspheres aniani i ka mea hoʻopihapiha calcium carbonate a ʻokiʻoki i 20 paona [9kg] mai ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa haʻuki ʻo Stingray Coupe." Ua wehewehe ka Hope Pelekikena o ka mea hana, ʻo Continental Structural Plastics Inc., ʻo Probir Guha, i ke kumu no ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o nā cenospheres i loko o ka composite, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻo ke ʻano maʻamau o SMC no kēia ʻano noi kaʻa he 20% ma ka nui o ka hoʻoikaika fiber aniani, 35% resin a me 45% mea hoʻopihapiha, ʻo ia hoʻi ka calcium carbonate," me ka hoʻohui ʻana, "ʻO kēia SMC hou [hui hoʻoheheʻe pepa] he hoʻokūkū kumukūʻai me ka alumini."

Nā Cenospheres i loko o ka Concrete

No nā makahiki he nui, he mea hoʻohui pono nā cenospheres i ka sima, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika hou aʻe, a i ʻole ka pale leo, ʻoiai e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i ka nui. Ua wehewehe ʻo Jeff Girard, Pelekikena ma The Concrete Countertop Institute, i kēia mau pono, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "Ma ke kumumanaʻo, hiki i nā cenospheres ke pani i kekahi o ke one maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka sima. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā Cenospheres ma mua o ka wai (ʻawelike 0.7 vs. 1.0 o ka Wai); ʻo ka nui o nā ʻāpana one quartz ma kahi o 2.65. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, lawe ka 1 paona o nā cenospheres i ka nui like me kahi o 3.8 lbs. o ke one."

Hoʻākāka pū ʻo Industrie & Technologies i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cenospheres ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ka haumia walaʻau, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "[Hoʻohana ʻia nā Cenospheres] i nā mea kūkulu hale e hoʻomāmā i ka sima, me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikaika compressive o 30 MPa ma ka density o 1.6 T / m3, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ko lākou paʻa a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i kā lākou hoʻoili leo. No ka laʻana, pili ka St. Petersburg Scientific and Technical Center of Applied Nanotechnologies (STCAN) i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā alahaka me ia mau sima ma Rusia, [no kahi ʻili alanui mālie]. Hoʻohana ʻia nā Cenospheres e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano insulation thermal a me ke kani o nā plasters, mortars a me nā plasters, i hoʻohana ʻia no nā paia, nā papahele a me nā kaupaku. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o 40% volume cenospheres e hapalua i ka coefficient hoʻoili walaʻau.

Nā Cenospheres i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā Cenospheres i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau no nā makahiki he nui, ʻoiai hiki i nā pōpō liʻiliʻi ke hana ma ke ʻano he mea lawe kokoke i ka hemolele ke uhi ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, e like me ka puke pai ʻoihana Farani, ʻo Industrie & Technologies, i ʻōlelo ai, "Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā Cenospheres i uhi ʻia me ka oxide kālā, no ka laʻana, i loko o nā mea hoʻopaʻa i mea e wikiwiki ai ka ho'ōla ʻana o ka ʻeha."

Nā Cenospheres ma nā ʻoihana holomua

Ke hana ʻia nei ka nui o ka noiʻi e ʻike i nā hoʻohana hou no kēia huahana ʻaoʻao like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei nā mea hoʻoulu hou no ke kaʻina hana ʻokikene methane me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cenospheres magnetic.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā Cenospheres i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā metal matrix composites (MMC), nā ʻano mea like ʻole e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻohui i ka omo ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa i ka hopena, a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka density o nā spheres me nā ʻano o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi poʻe, e like me Paul Biju-Duval o ka Georgia Institute of Technology ma Atlanta, ua hana ikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale cementless. Ke hoʻomau nei kāna hana, e hoʻohui ana i ka hui cenosphere, nā mea e like me ka ʻohe a me nā paipu metala ma ke ʻano he ala e loaʻa ai nā ʻano hana kūkulu ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka ikaika, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni.

I kēia manawa, ke aʻo nei ka Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology o ka Russian Academy of Sciences ma Krasnoyarsk, i nā ala e hiki ai ke hoʻohana ʻia nā cenospheres i nā hoʻololi catalytic. ʻOiai ke hoʻāʻo nei nā ʻōnaehana BAE e hoʻohana i nā cenospheres i ka pena ma ke ʻano he ala e kākoʻo ai i ka ʻike ʻole ʻia ma ka spectrum infrared, no laila e hiki ai i nā moku kaua ke loaʻa nā 'ʻaʻahu ʻike ʻole ʻia'.

Me ia ʻano hoʻohana ākea, a me kahi ākea o nā hoʻohana hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ke aha e ulu nei ka hoihoi i nā cenospheres. Inā e ʻimi nei nā mea hoʻomohala huahana i nā mea hoʻopihapiha māmā, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻouna lāʻau i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, nā uhi i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, nā pani sima, a me nā mea hoʻohui hui, a laila e pono ai nā cenospheres. Eia kekahi me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka noiʻi i nā hoʻohana hou no kēia mau spheres versatile, a laila e haʻi wale ka manawa i kahi e waiho ai nā cenospheres i ka wā e hiki mai ana.