Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya phulusa la ntchentche

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya phulusa la ntchentche ndipo ndi zovuta kwambiri. Zinthu zazikulu zowongolera ndi izi: kapangidwe ka mankhwala (makamaka gawo lagalasi); kapangidwe ka galasi; zolakwika za mankhwala ndi zakuthupi za malo ogwirira ntchito mugalasi (kuphatikizapo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kupukutira); madzi Udindo wa njira yochitira mankhwala; kufalikira kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta tinthu. Njira zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phulusa la ntchentche, zimakhala zabwino kwambiri, komanso mtengo wa phulusa la ntchentche umakwera. Koma kawirikawiri, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri; chimodzi ndi mankhwala, omwe makamaka amakhudza kuchuluka ndi kapangidwe ka zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndikulimbikitsa machitidwe a pozzolanic; china ndi chakuthupi, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri njira yothira madzi ndi kuuma kwa simenti. Kapangidwe ka miyala ya simenti kamapangidwa pambuyo pake.

1. Zinthu zokhudzana ndi mankhwala

Popeza gawo la galasi la silica-alumina ndiye gwero lalikulu la ntchito ya phulusa la ntchentche, zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalasi, monga kutayika kwakukulu pa kuyatsa ndi magawo ambiri a kristalo, sizikugwirizana ndi ntchitoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, mu kapangidwe ka gawo la galasi, ntchito za zinthu zosiyanasiyana sizofanana. Ma oxide ndi zigawo zodziwika kwambiri mu phulusa la ntchentche, ndipo ndi zigawo zazikulu za zinthu zothira madzi. Komabe, pazaka zosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha, kuchuluka ndi kufunika kwa ma oxide omwe amagwira ntchito yothira madzi ndi kosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chingachepetse kusungunuka kwa phulusa, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga ma microbeads agalasi. Komabe, chifukwa chitsulo chosakanizika chili ndi mphamvu yochepa kwambiri yothira madzi, nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa oxide wochuluka mu iron sikwabwino pakugwira ntchito; kuchuluka kochepa kwa ma alkali metal oxides kungathandize kuti madzi asamaundane. Kuchitapo kanthu kumachitika, koma pogwiritsa ntchito active aggregate, kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu ndi sodium oxides mu fly aggregate kudzalimbikitsa momwe alkaline aggregate imagwirira ntchito, motero kuwononga kukhazikika kwa konkire; sulfure trioxide yochepa mu fly ash ili ndi ubwino pakupanga calcium silicate yothira madzi ndi kupanga calcium sulfoaluminate (ettringite) yothira madzi yomwe imathandizira kulimba koyambirira, koma kukulitsa kwambiri kwa ettringite kungayambitse mavuto okhazikika, kotero kuchuluka kwa sulfure trioxide sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu pa 3%.

2. Zinthu zakuthupi

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya phulusa la ntchentche ndi mawonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kapangidwe ka tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zinthu zina zakuthupi. Pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phulusa la ntchentche, kufunikira kwa madzi pang'ono kwa kusinthasintha kokhazikika, ntchito imakwera; kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumachepa, ntchito imakwera; kusalala kochepa, ntchito imakwera; pankhani ya mawonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, galasi lozungulira mu phulusa la ntchentche. Kutengera mawonekedwe a microstructure E, phulusa la ntchentche yokhala ndi unyolo waufupi wa silicon-oxygen, kapangidwe ka tetrahedral kamakhala ndi ntchito zambiri.

Malo enieni a pamwamba pa phulusa la ntchentche amatha kuwonetsa kapangidwe ka tinthu ndi kapangidwe ka phulusa la ntchentche pamlingo winawake. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta phulusa la ntchentche tili ndi malo akuluakulu apadera; thupi la galasi lokhala ndi calcium yambiri lili ndi kapangidwe kolimba komanso malo ang'onoang'ono ofanana; pali magalasi ambiri okhala ndi mabowo. Mabowo, malo enieni ofanana ndi aakulu.