Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ivu ry'ibisazi

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ivu ry'umukara kandi biragoye cyane. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigenzura birimo: imiterere ya shimi (cyane cyane icyiciro cy'ikirahure); imiterere y'ikirahure; inenge za shimi n'izisanzwe z'aho ikirahure gitangira gukora (harimo n'izikorwa no gusya); amazi Uruhare rw'uburyo bwo gukora shimi; ingano y'uduce duto tw'uduce. Uko ibikorwa byinshi bigenda ku murongo wo gukora ivu ry'umukara, ni ko ivu ry'umukara rirushaho kuba ryiza, kandi igiciro cy'ivu ry'umukara kirushaho kuba kinini. Ariko muri rusange, bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri; kimwe ni shimi, ahanini kigizwe n'umubare n'imiterere y'ibintu bikora bigira uruhare mu gutuma habaho imikorere ya pozzolanic; ikindi ni fiziki, ahanini bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amazi no gukomera kwa sima Imiterere y'ibuye rya sima yashinzwe nyuma.

1. Ibintu bikomoka ku shimi

Kubera ko ikirahure cya silica-alumina ari cyo soko nyamukuru y'ibikorwa bya ivu ry'ibiguruka, ibintu bigabanya umubare w'ibirahuri, nko gutakaza byinshi iyo bishyushye ndetse n'ibyiciro byinshi bya kristu, ntibigira ingaruka nziza ku gikorwa. Byongeye kandi, mu miterere y'ikirahuri, inshingano z'ibintu bitandukanye ntabwo ari zimwe. Oxides ni byo bice bikunze kugaragara muri ivu ry'ibiguruka, kandi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi bigize ibikomoka ku mazi. Ariko, mu bihe bitandukanye by'imyaka n'ubushyuhe, urwego n'akamaro ka okiside bigira uruhare mu bushobozi bwo kuyanywa biratandukanye. Urugero, icyuma gishobora kugabanya ishongesha ry'ivu, ibyo bikaba byafasha mu kurema microbeads z'ibirahuri. Ariko, kubera ko okiside y'icyuma ifite ubushobozi buke cyane bwo kugira uruhare mu bushobozi bwo kuyanywa, muri rusange bikekwa ko ingano irenze urugero ya okiside y'icyuma atari nziza ku bikorwa; ingano nto ya okiside y'icyuma cya alkali ishobora gutuma amazi arushaho kwiyongera. Ubwo buryo bukorwa, ariko iyo hakoreshejwe aggregate ikora, ingano nyinshi ya potasiyumu na okiside ya sodiyumu mu ivu ry'impunzi bizamura imikorere ya aggregate ya alkali, bityo bikangiza imikorere ya sima; ingano nto ya trioxide ya sulfur mu ivu ry'impunzi ifite akamaro mu kurema silicate ya kalisiyumu ihumura no kurema sulfoaluminate ya kalisiyumu ihumura (ettringite) ifasha mu gukomera hakiri kare, ariko kwaguka cyane kwa ettringite bizatera ibibazo byo kudahinduka kw'ingano, bityo ingano ya trioxide ya sulfur ntigomba kuba hejuru kuri 3%.

2. Ibintu bifatika

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ivu ry'umukara ni imiterere y'uduce duto, imiterere mito n'ibindi bintu bifatika. Ku moko atandukanye y'ivu ry'umukara, uko amazi akenewe mu buryo busanzwe ni ko imikorere iba myinshi; uko karuboni igabanuka, ni ko imikorere iba myinshi; uko ubuto buto bugabanuka, ni ko imikorere iba myinshi; mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'uduce duto, ikirahure cy'uruziga mu ivu ry'umukara Uko imikorere y'ivu ry'umukara iba myinshi. Ukurikije imiterere ya E, ivu ry'ibiguruka hamwe na silikoni-okisijeni ifite umuyoboro mugufi, imiterere ya tetrahedral ifite imikorere myinshi.

Ubuso bwihariye bw'ivu ry'umukungugu bushobora kugaragaza imiterere n'imiterere y'ivu ry'umukungugu ku rugero runaka. Uduce duto tw'ivu ry'umukungugu dufite ubuso bunini bwihariye; umubiri w'ikirahure gikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu ufite imiterere ikomeye n'ubuso buto bwihariye; hari utwenge twinshi tw'ikirahure dufite imyenge. Utwobo, ubuso bujyanye na bwo ni bunini.