Uduce duto tw'ikirahure tw'ubururu ni uduce duto tw’ibirahure twatunganyijwe by’umwihariko, turangwa ahanini n’ubucucike buke n’ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe kurusha uduce duto tw’ibirahure. Ni ubwoko bushya bw’ibikoresho byoroheje bya micron byakozwe mu myaka ya 1950 na 1960. Igice cyabyo cy’ingenzi ni borosilicate, gifite ingano rusange ya 10 ~ 250μm n’ubugari bw’urukuta bwa 1 ~ 2μm; amasaro y’ibirahure adafite ububobere afite Ifite imiterere y’imbaraga zo gukanda cyane, ahantu hanini ho gushonga, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, n’ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe n’uburyo bwo gufunga ubushyuhe. Bizwi nka "ibikoresho byo mu gihe cy’umwanya" mu kinyejana cya 21. Uduce duto tw'ikirahure tw'ubururu bifite ingaruka zigaragara zo kugabanya ibiro no gukingira urusaku ndetse n'ingaruka zo gukingira ubushyuhe, ku buryo ibicuruzwa bigira ingaruka nziza zo kurwanya gucika no kongera gutunganya, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bivanze nka pulasitiki y’ibirahure ikoreshwa mu byuma bya pulasitiki, marble y’ubukorano, agate y’ubukorano, ndetse no mu nganda zikora peteroli, mu by’indege no mu by’indege. , gari ya moshi nshya zihuta cyane, imodoka n’amato, irangi rikingira ubushyuhe n’ibindi byateje imbere iterambere ry’ibikorwa bya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga by’igihugu cyanjye. Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa n’ibikoresho by’itumanaho bya 5G bikoresha amashanyarazi make, igihombo gito n’uburemere bworoheje, utwuma duto tw’ibirahure natwo tugira uruhare runini bitewe n’igiciro cyabyo gito n’imikorere myiza.
1 – Ibikoresho
Imiterere ya shimi ya microspheres z'ikirahure zidafite ububobere (ikigereranyo cy'uburemere)
SiO2: 50% -90%, Al2O3: 10% -50%, K2O: 5% -10%, CaO: 1% -10%, B2O3: 0-12%
2- Ibiranga
ibara ry'umweru gusa
Ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu bicuruzwa byose bifite ibisabwa ku isura n'amabara.
3- ubucucike bw'urumuri
Ubucucike bw'udupira tw'ikirahure tudafite ubucucike ni kimwe cya cumi cy'ubucucike bw'uduce dusanzwe tw'ibinure. Nyuma yo kuzuza, uburemere bw'ibanze bw'umusaruro bushobora kugabanuka cyane, resins nyinshi zishobora gusimburwa no kuzigama, kandi ikiguzi cy'umusaruro gishobora kugabanuka.
4-Kuba Lipophilicity
Uduce duto tw’ibirahure tw’ubururu tworoshye kuvomesha no gukwirakwiza, kandi dushobora kuzuzwa muri resine nyinshi za thermoplastic zikoresha thermosetting, nka polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, nibindi.
5-Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha amafaranga
Kubera ko uduce duto tw’ikirahure tudafite ubugari ari utubumbe duto, dufite ubushobozi bwo guhindagurika neza mu mabuye y’amazi kurusha utubumbe duto, uduce duto cyangwa utundi duce duto, bityo dufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kuzuza ibumba. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, uduce duto tw’ikirahure ni isotropic, bityo nta kibazo cyo guhindagurika kw’umuvuduko mu bice bitandukanye bitewe n’icyerekezo, ibyo bikaba byemeza ko ibicuruzwa bihamye kandi ntibizahindagurika.
6- Gukingira ubushyuhe n'urusaku rw'amajwi
Imbere muri microspheres z'ibirahure bidafite ubushyuhe ni gaze ntoya, bityo ifite imiterere yo gukingira urusaku n'ubushyuhe, kandi ni icyuma cyiza cyane cyo gukingira ubushyuhe n'ibicuruzwa bikingira urusaku. Imiterere y'ubushyuhe bw'i microspheres z'ibirahure bidafite ubushyuhe ishobora no gukoreshwa mu kurinda ibicuruzwa gushyuha guterwa no guhindagurika hagati y'ubushyuhe bwihuse n'ubukonje bwihuse. Kuba ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'amazi menshi kandi ikaba idafite amazi menshi bituma ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bikingira urusaku.
7- Kubura amavuta menshi
Uduce tw’umubumbe tugaragaza ko ufite ubuso buto cyane kandi ko nta gipimo cyo kwinjiza amavuta kiri hasi. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha, ingano ya resin ishobora kugabanuka cyane, kandi ubushyuhe ntibuziyongera cyane nubwo haba hari ingano nyinshi yo kongeramo, ibyo bikaba birushaho kunoza cyane umusaruro n’imikorere. Bwongera umusaruro ku kigero cya 10% kugeza kuri 20%.
8- Ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi rike
Agaciro ka Dk k'udupira duto tw'ikirahure dufite ubugari bwa 1.2 ~ 2.2 (100MHz), gashobora kunoza neza imiterere y'amashanyarazi y'ibikoresho.
Plasitiki zo gukoresha amasaro y'ibirahure bidafite ububobere
(1) Mu guhindura pulasitiki z’ubuhanga nka nylon, PP, PBT, PC, POM, nibindi, bishobora kunoza uburyo amazi anyuramo, bigakuraho uburyo bwo gukurura fibre y’ibirahure, bigatsinda ubukana bw’ibintu bihindagurika, bikanoza imikorere y’ibidakoresha umuriro, bikagabanya ikoreshwa rya fibre y’ibirahure, kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora.
(2) Kuzuza PVC ikomeye, PP, PE, no gukora ibikoresho bifite imiterere, imiyoboro n'amasahani bishobora gutuma ibicuruzwa bigira ubushobozi bwo kudahindagurika, kongera ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, kunoza imikorere y'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa, kunoza imikorere myiza y'umusaruro no kugabanya ikiguzi.
(3) Kuzuza insinga za PVC, PE n'izindi nsinga hamwe n'ibikoresho bikingira ubushyuhe bishobora kongera ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa, gukingira ubushyuhe, kurwanya aside na alkali n'indi miterere yabyo hamwe n'imikorere yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kongera umusaruro no kugabanya ikiguzi.
(4) Kuzuza isahani ya epoxy resin irimo umuringa bishobora kugabanya ubukana bwa resin, kongera imbaraga zo kugonda, kunoza imiterere yayo ifatika n'iy'ikoranabuhanga, kongera ubushyuhe bw'impinduka mu kirahuri, kugabanya ubwiyongere bw'amashanyarazi, kugabanya uburyo amazi yinjiramo, no kugabanya ikiguzi.
(5) Kuzuza polyester idafite amazi menshi bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo gushonga no gukaraba amazi, kongera ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no gukomera, no kugira umwobo muke mu gihe cyo gusiga no gusiga. Ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya FRP, amapine yo gusiga, ibikoresho, nibindi.
(6) Kuzuza resin ya silicone bishobora kunoza imiterere y’umubiri n’imikorere ya mekanike, kandi kuzuza byinshi bishobora kugabanya cyane ikiguzi, ari nabyo bikoresho byiza byo gukora ibishingwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-30-2022