Kunezici eziningi ezithinta umsebenzi womlotha wezimpukane futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izici eziyinhloko zokulawula zifaka: ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali (ikakhulukazi isigaba sengilazi); isakhiwo sengilazi; amaphutha amakhemikhali kanye nawomzimba wephuzu lokusebenza engilazini (kufaka phakathi lawo akhiqizwa ngokugaya); amanzi Indima yendlela yokusabela kwamakhemikhali; ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya zezinhlayiya. Lapho izinqubo eziningi emgqeni wokukhiqiza umlotha wezimpukane zikhula, kulapho umlotha wezimpukane ukhiqizwa khona, futhi intengo yomlotha wezimpukane iphakama. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili; eyodwa ikhemikhali, ehilela kakhulu inani kanye nokwakheka kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezihlanganyela futhi zikhuthaze ukusabela kwe-pozzolanic; enye ingokwenyama, ethinta kakhulu inqubo yokumanzisa kanye nokuqina kwesimende Isakhiwo samatshe esimende esakhiwe kamuva.
1. Izinto zamakhemikhali
Njengoba isigaba sengilazi ye-silica-alumina siwumthombo oyinhloko womsebenzi we umlotha wempukane, izici ezinciphisa inani lemizimba yengilazi, njengokulahlekelwa okukhulu ekushiseni kanye nezigaba eziningi zekristalu, azilungele umsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwakhiweni kwesigaba sengilazi, izindima zezinto ezahlukene azifani. Ama-oxide yizona zinto ezivame kakhulu ku umlotha wempukane, futhi ziyizingxenye eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo yokufutha amanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zobudala kanye nokushisa, izinga nokubaluleka kwama-oxide ahlanganyela ekuphenduleni kokufutha amanzi kuhlukile. Isibonelo, insimbi inganciphisa iphuzu lokuncibilika komlotha, okusiza ekwakhekeni kwama-microbeads engilazi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-iron oxide inekhono eliphansi kakhulu lokuhlanganyela ekuphenduleni kokufutha amanzi, ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwe-iron oxide akukuhle ekusebenzeni; inani elincane lama-alkali metal oxides lingakhuthaza ukufutha amanzi. Ukusabela kwenziwa, kodwa uma kusetshenziswa i-active aggregate, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium kanye ne-sodium oxides kumlotha wempukane kuzokhuthaza ukusabela kwe-alkaline aggregate, ngaleyo ndlela kubhubhise ukuzinza kwekhonkrithi; inani elincane le-sulfur trioxide kumlotha wempukane line-. Kuwusizo ekwakhekeni kwe-calcium silicate ehlungiwe kanye nokwakheka kwe-calcium sulfoaluminate (ettringite) ehlungiwe enegalelo emandleni okuqala, kodwa ukwanda kwe-ettringite okuningi kuzobangela izinkinga zokuzinza kwevolumu, ngakho okuqukethwe kwe-sulfur trioxide akufanele kube phezulu ku-3%.
2. Izici zomzimba
Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta umsebenzi womlotha wezimpukane yi-particle morphology, i-microstructure kanye nezinye izici zomzimba. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomlotha wezimpukane, lapho isidingo samanzi sincane sokuvumelana okujwayelekile, umsebenzi uba mkhulu; lapho okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuncipha, umsebenzi uba mkhulu; lapho ubuncane buncane, umsebenzi uba mkhulu; maqondana nokwakheka kwezinhlayiya, ingilazi eyindilinga emlotheni wezimpukane Uma umsebenzi womlotha wezimpukane uphezulu, kulapho umsebenzi uphezulu khona. Kusukela kusici se-microstructure u-E, umlotha wempukane nge-silicon-oxygen ye-chain emfushane, isakhiwo se-tetrahedral sinomsebenzi ophezulu.
Indawo ethile ebusweni bomlotha wezimpukane ingabonisa ukwakheka kwezinhlayiya kanye nesakhiwo somlotha wezimpukane ngezinga elithile. Izinhlayiya ezincane zomlotha wezimpukane zinendawo enkulu ebusweni ethize; umzimba wengilazi ocebile nge-calcium unesakhiwo esiminyene kanye nendawo encane ebusweni ethize ehambisanayo; kunemizimba eminingi yengilazi enezimbobo. Izimbobo, indawo ethile ebusweni ethize ehambisanayo inkulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-15-2022