Umlotha ondizayo, umkhiqizo ophuma ezitshalweni zamandla okushisa ezisebenzisa amalahle, uyinto eyigugu ebhekwa njengomthombo obalulekile ongangezwa ezintweni zokwakha ukuze wakhe amakhemikhali aqinile uma ehlangana namanzi. Ama-cenospheres, izinhlayiya ezingenalutho, ezimise okwesiyingi ezivame ukuba uhlobo lwezimbobo ezivulekile ngokwemvelo, zingenye yezinto noma imikhiqizo ebaluleke kakhulu engeziwe exubana nomlotha wempukane. Lokhu kungenxa yezakhiwo ezihlukile ze-cenospheres, njengokuba lula, ukugeleza okuhle, ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali, ukufudumala okuhle, amandla aphezulu okucindezela, kanye nokushisa okuphansi, okwenza zisetshenziswe kabanzi ezicelweni eziningi zezimboni. Ama-cenospheres abe yinto efunwa kakhulu njengesigcwalisi noma isithasiselo ezicelweni eziningi ezikhethekile, njengakusimende esilula, izinhlanganisela ze-polymeric, ama-brake rotor ezimoto, kanye nezimbozo ezihlukile, izingxenye zenjini yedizili ene-mullite, kanye nezicelo zokuvikela nokufaka amandla kagesi. Kutholakale izicelo ze-cenospheres njengezinto zokwakha, njengasesimeni esilula sokushisa esihlanganisiwe, izinto zokwakha ezithambile ezimunca umsindo ezinesimende esiqiniswe yi-cenosphere kanye nekhonkrithi ye-asphalt, kanye nekhonkrithi elula. Kusanda kubikwa ukuthi ama-cenospheres asetshenziswa njengesithasiselo noma isithasiselo ku-matrix yekhonkrithi ye-polymer yokukhiqiza imishayo ehlanganisiwe kanye nezilali zesitimela ezihlanganisiwe. Ngezimo zazo eziyindilinga nezingenalutho, ama-cenospheres athembisa kakhulu, anokumelana okuphezulu nokusabalala kwemifantu.
Ubuningi be-cenospheres buyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0.2 g/cc kuya ku-2.6 g/cc. Ukutholakala kwalolu hlobo lobuningi obuphansi (Izindlela ezikhona zokuhlukanisa i-cenosphere zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: ukuhlukaniswa okumanzi nokuhlukaniswa okomile. Indlela yokuhlukanisa okumanzi isekelwe ekungafani phakathi kobuningi bezinhlayiya eziqinile kanye nendawo ewuketshezi: ngale nqubo, ama-cenosphere angatholakala kumlotha wempukane ngokuhlukaniswa kokugcina amandla adonsela phansi - indlela yokucwilisa-ukuntanta. Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa kokumanzi kusekelwe ekubutheni kwemvelo kwama-cenosphere endaweni, ukuhlushwa kwezinhlayiya zokudla, i-topology yobuso, kanye nokugoba kwezinhlayiya, kanye nemijikelezo yokuhlanza. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kunqunyelwe yithonya lesisindo esiminyene somlotha wempukane, okuvimbela izinhlayiya ezilula kunamanzi ukuba zingaphumi ekuhlanganiseni, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukukhuphuka kwezinhlayiya ezilula ebusweni. Inzuzo yendlela yokuhlukanisa okumanzi ikhono lokuthola ama-cenosphere aphansi, angaphelele ngqo enkambisweni yokuhlukanisa: noma kunjalo, ukutholakala komhlaba namanzi kuyindaba enkulu yokukhiqizwa okukhulu. Enye inkinga inkinga yokuncibilika kwezinto eziyingozi emithonjeni yamanzi. Okunye ukushiyeka isidingo sesinyathelo esengeziwe sokomisa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe. Ngokuphathelene nekhwalithi yezinto (ikakhulukazi I-Class C fly ash enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium), amakristalu akhiwa phezu kwezinhlayiya bese eqina esigabeni sokomisa, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuhlukaniswa okomile kuyindlela ehlukile ehlose ukunqoba izinkinga zokuhlukaniswa okumanzi. Ngale ndlela, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuhlala kungashintshi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikho isigaba sokomisa esidingekayo, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe izinkinga zokusetshenziswa kwamandla: noma kunjalo, le ndlela idinga ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuhilela ukuhlukaniswa komoya, njenge-air classifier, ukuze kuhlukaniswe kahle izinhlayiya. Ukuhlukaniswa komoya kuwumsebenzi ohlukanisa izinhlayiya eziqinile ezihlakazekile ngokusekelwe ekuhlukeni kwazo ngobukhulu, ukuma kwejometri, kanye nobuningi emsakazweni womoya.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-27-2023