Ukukhula okusheshayo kwesidingo samandla emhlabeni wonke kuye kwavula indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zemvelo ezingasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, amalahle asadlala indima ebalulekile emthonjeni wamandla oyinhloko emhlabeni. Amalahle aqukethe u-29% wamandla omhlaba wonke ngo-2015, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2035, amalahle azobe esaqukethe u-24% wamandla. Njengomkhiqizo wezimboni wezitshalo zamandla ezisebenzisa amalahle, inani lomlotha wamalahle lizohlala liphezulu isikhathi eside.Umlotha wamalahle sekuyinto ebalulekile ekukhathazekeni ngemvelo ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuphathwa kwayo okungenangqondo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umlotha we-coal fly uwumthombo ongaba khona, okudingeka usetshenziswe ngokuphuthumayo ngendlela efanele. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yomlotha we-coal fly kuhilela amasimu ahlukahlukene, kodwa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwenani eliphezulu liphansi. Isisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwenani eliphezulu ukufunda izakhiwo zomlotha we-coal fly. Umlotha we-coal fly wakhiwe yizinhlayiya eziqinile noma ezingenalutho eziyindilinga, izinhlayiya ze-carbon ezingashiswanga ngendlela evamile kanye nezinhlayiya zamaminerali ezifana ne-mullite, i-quartz, i-hematite, njll. Kukhona umehluko othile ezimpahleni zomzimba, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakheka kwamaminerali komlotha we-coal fly ezindaweni ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. Indlela yokusebenzisa kanye nenhloso nakho akufani. Ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi komlotha we-coal fly kuyisithiyo esikhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwenani eliphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izingxenye eziwusizo, njenge-hollow microspheres, i-carbon engashiswanga, izinto zikagesi, njll. zingahlukaniswa nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ngamasu okuhlukanisa anengqondo. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nokwakheka kwamaminerali komlotha we-fly kuyizinto zokusetshenziswa ezishibhile zemikhiqizo enenani eliphezulu njenge-geopolymers, i-glass-ceramics kanye ama-zeolite. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya zokuqala zomlotha we-coal fly kunethonya elikhulu emandleni ama-geopolymer. Izimo zobuchwepheshe ezifanele kufanele zinqunywe ngokusekelwe ekucabangeni ngokugcwele izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zomlotha we-coal fly lapho kulungiswa ama-geopolymer. Ngokusho kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali komlotha we-coal fly, ingilazi-ceramics elungiselelwe ngomlotha we-coal fly ikakhulukazi yakhiwa izinhlelo ezimbili: i-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 kanye ne-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwendlela yokulungiselela kuphakeme kakhulu. Indlela yokucwilisa ngqo enokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kusadingeka ifundwe kabanzi futhi ithandwe. Kunezivivinyo eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwe-zeolite eyenziwe ngomlotha we-coal fly, kodwa kumbalwa ukuhlolwa kwezimboni okwenziwayo. Ucwaningo lwethiyori mayelana nokulungiswa kokuhlolwa kwe-mesoporous silica kanye ne-silica aerosol aluphelele ngokwanele, izimo kunzima ukuzilawula, futhi kusenendlela ende ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-09-2022